Distinctive Properties Of Graphite & Its Important Uses
Graphite is a softer material that is usually found in igneous and metamorphic rocks. When carbon undergoes extreme heat and pressure in the earth’s crust, it leads to the formation of graphite. To produce it, pressures must be about 75,000 psi and temperatures must be about 1,382°F (750°C). This non-metal has a 2D layered structure with the carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb pattern. Graphite is a mineral of extremes. One of its key aspects is that it’s soft and has a very low specific gravity. On the other hand, it is very resistant to heat and is nearly inert when it comes into contact with almost any other material. These properties are the reason for its tremendous demand in manufacturing. With technology, graphite mining companies are scaling new heights.
Structural Difference Between Graphite And Diamond
- Diamond: The carbon atoms in diamonds have a tetrahedral, three-dimensional structure composed of an infinite network of atoms. The mechanically strong tetrahedral structure accounts for its excellent properties including extremely high hardness, strength, durability, and thermal conductivity.
- Graphite: Carbon atoms in graphite are in a two-dimensional infinite network of graphene sheets. These appear on top of one another to form a three-dimensional structure. This planar structure of graphite accounts for its distinct physical properties.
Let’s Look At Some Common Uses Of Graphite Below
- For Making Pencils: We all know that all the lead pencils we use in writing have graphite. In this, the graphite is in amorphous form as the lead used is actually a mixture of clay and graphite.
- Refractory Industry: Graphite has refractory properties due to its high tolerance to heat and unchangeability. Thus, the use of graphite in the manufacturing industry is a common sight as it helps in the production of glass and steel.
- Nuclear Reactors: Graphite also finds application in nuclear reactors. Its property to absorb fast-moving neutrons helps in stabilizing the nuclear reactions.
- For Lubricants: One of the main ingredients for lubricants like grease is graphite. This mineral reacts with atmospheric water vapor and creates a thin film or layer over the surface to reduce friction. More importantly, you will find graphite used in car brakes and clutches.
- Graphene Sheets: The main constituent of graphene sheets is graphite. These sheets are 100 times stronger and 10 times lighter than steel. This derivative of graphite is an addition to the manufacturing of strong yet lightweight sports equipment.
Tasso Alloys Pvt. Ltd. is an Indian-listed mining company with three graphite mining leases, and also, a large land package. The company aims at being the largest graphite exploration and mining company in India through its products and also, ethical working relationships.